Page 63 - Electrician -1st Year - TT

ThÓs[ TXYûLVô] AÓdÏLs, Utßm electrons) Ruàsú[ GXdhWôuLû[ ùNpX
ÕûQ AÓdÏLû[l ùTôßjúR RûP HtTÓjÕYRtÏ CuÑúXhPo (insula-
AûU¡u\]. tors) G]lTÓm. ùTôÕYôL,
CuÑúXhPoL°p ØtßlùTt\ ¨Wm©V
AÔdLs úY§«VXõu ùNVpTôh¥p Es[
CûQ§\u (valence) ùNpL°p IkÕ, Bß
E«o AÔdLs ApXÕ JußdÏ úUtThP
ApXÕ HÝ GXdhWôuLs CÚdÏm. £X
ApXÕ Øt±Ûm ¨WlThPRtÏ
ùTôÕYôLl TVuTÓjRlTÓm
Ïû\Yô]RôLÜm CÚdÏm. Øt±ÛUôL
CuÑúXhPoLs Lôtß (air), LiQô¥ (glass),
¨WlTlThP AÔdLs ùNVXt\ûYL[ôL
WlTo (rubber), ©[ôv¥d (plastic), Rôs (paper),
Es[]. CûYLs R²UeLs (inert elements)
©.®.£ (PVC), @ûTTo (fibre) ûULô (mica)
G] AûZdLlTÓ¡u\]. ùNVpTPô
ØRXõV].
R²UeLs VôÜm YôÙdL[ôÏm. AûY
úY§«Vp éoYUôL Ut\ R²UeLú[ôÓ ùNª LuPdPoLs (Semiconductors) : JÚ
CûQY§pûX. ùTôÚ°p (material) G°§p LPj§L°u
ÏQeLÞm, CuNúXhPoL°uL°u
ªu LPj§Ls, CuÑúXhPoLs Utßm
ùNª LuPdPoLs (Conductors, Insulators and ÏQeLÞm AûUVl ùTt±Úl©u AÕ ùNª
Semiconductors) LuPdPoLs (Semiconductors) G] AûZdLl
TÓ¡\Õ. ùNª LuPdPoL°p CûQ§\u
ªu LPj§Ls (Conductors) : JÚ ùTôÚ°p (valence) ùNpL°p SôuÏ GXdhWôuLs
(material) Es[ TX @là GXdhWôuLû[ CÚdÏm.
AlùTôÚs Ruàsú[ G°RôL ùNpYRtÏ çnûUVô] ùNª LuPdPo (pure semiconduc-
AàU§jRôp AlùTôÚs ªu LPj§ (con-
tor) LÞdÏ ùTôÕYô] GÓjÕdLôhÓLs,
ductors) G]lTÓm.
£XLôu (silicon), ù_oUô²Vm (germanium)
ùTôÕYôL LPj§L°p Es[ ¨WlTlTPôR £\l×j RuûUÙPu EÚYôdLlThP ùNª
ØtßlùT\ôR CûQ§\u (valence) ùNpL°p LuPdPoLs (semiconductors) SÅ]
Juß, CWiÓ ApXÕ êuß GXdhWôuLs GXdhWô²d ùTôÚhLû[ (modern electronic
CÚdÏm. ùTÚmTôXô] EúXôLeLs SpX components) ARôYÕ ûPúVôÓ (diodes),
LPj§L[ôÏm (good conductors ) £X ùTôÕYô] ¥Wôu£vPo (transistors) Utßm JÚe¡ûQkR
SpX LPj§Ls LôlTo , AÛª²Vm, ÑtßLs £lv (integrated circuit chips)
ÕjRSôLm, DVm, RLWm, ÙúWLô, ¨dúWôm, úTôu\ûYL[ôLj RVô¬lTRtÏ TVu
ùYs° Utßj ReLm ØRXõV]. TÓ¡\Õ.
CuÑúXhPoLs (Insulators) : JÚ ùTôÚ°p
(material) ùYÏ £X ÑV ªu]ÔdLs (free

G°V ªuÑtß Utßm ARu êXl ùTôÚhLs (Simple electrical circuit and its

elements)

úSôdLeLs: ClTôPj§u Ø¥®p ¿eLs ùT\ úYi¥V A±Ü §\uLs
• JÚ G°V ªu Ñtû\ ®[dÏRp
• ªuú]ôhPm (current), ARu AXÏ (units) Utßm ARû] A[®Óm Øû\ (AmÁhPo)
B¡VYûLLû[ ®Y¬jRp
• ªu CVdÏ ®ûN (Electro Motive Force) ªu]ÝjR úYßTôÓ (potential difference) AûYL°u
AXÏLs Utßm A[®Óm Øû\ (úYôph ÁhPo) B¡VûYLû[ ®Y¬jRp
• ªu RûP (resistance) ARu AXÏ Utßm ªuNôWj§u A[Ü (quantity of electricity)
B¡VûYLû[ ®Y¬jRp.

G°V ªu Ñtß (Simple electric circuit) : JÚ Fig 1 - p JÚ G°V ªuÑtß LôhPlThÓ
G°V ªuÑtß GuTÕ ªuú]ôhPm B]Õ Es[Õ.
ªuLXj§XõÚkÕ (source) TÞ Y¯VôLf
ªuú]ôhPm (Electric current) : Fig 2-p JÚ
ùNuß §ÚmTÜm úNôovdÏj §Úm©
G°V ªuÑtß (simple electric current) Id
ÑtßlTôûRûV éoj§ ùNnYRôÏm.
LôhÓ¡\Õ. C§p JÚ ªuLXm, ªu§\û]
TYo : GXdh¬μVu (NSQF - Revised 2022) R.T. Ex.No. 1.2.17 -19 43